I'm kinda in the blogging mood today so shall blog about some random stuff. For readers who are looking forward to my module review, I guess you may be disappointed cos I'm having second thoughts about posting my final module review. Uh well, maybe I'll change my mind later on. Anyway, it's been almost a week since I've started working. Yup you read that right. Most of my friends are still enjoying the supposed last break in our lives. Nah, zero interest in going for a graduation trip for me. Then again, it wasn't my choice at all to start this early but since I was asked to, why not yeah? But I gotta say I'm enjoying my job a lot. It isn't the best job to many but to me, I'm very contented with what I landed myself in cos it's something that I've always been wanting to go into: policy research. Actually, half of me knew that it was quite certain I would be getting the job based on what my colleagues have been telling me. I guess it really helped that I sacrificed the whole of last semester in a more worthy investment. Why not right since my CAP can't increase any further to reach the highest class of honours. Speaking of which, seeing people who made a leap and crossed the border to graduate with first class honours this semester actually made me realize one thing. It isn't of that much use if you got first class honours only in the final semester and not in Y4S1. Cos usually people start their job search using their Y4S1 results, isn't it? By now, most people would have secured a job. Or ok, that was too sweeping a statement. Jeez, I can't deny that the economy's not looking that good for graduates now. I do know of quite a handful who's still caught in the midst of securing their desired job. Can't blame them for not making do with just any kinda job though it's already pretty late at this point in time. Cos your first job really matters and it already kinda determines the line of industry you're going down in the future. I really attribute a lot of what I have now to sheer luck. So many opportunities have been given to me since the start of the year. I'm truly thankful. Yes, I had to be bold enough to speak up for what I want and on my part, I really forked out a lot to make myself worthy of all the opportunities. I could never have dreamt of all these recognition had I decided to stick with my previous workplace. Stable job, conducive environment, challenging work, great colleagues, appreciative superior. What more can I ask for? Quite frankly, I didn't expect myself to even land a job this early, let alone a desired job. Everything just fell nicely into place despite my mediocre degree and commonplace class of honours. I'm so grateful for everything. I remember telling my fiance back in our third year that I hope not to have to attend his commencement cos it means I would have secured a job by then. Not that he wants to either way despite his fabulous achievements. How proud I am of him. Anyway, back to the point, I can't believe this really came true. Looking back, I'm so glad I managed to break out of the curse and come this far. Sacrifices have been made. Loads of them. Maybe the biggest one was a tough fourth year. Overloaded heavily in semester 1 and dedicating full-time, juggling studies at the same time in semester 2. I'm fortunate that this plan worked out exactly the way I wanted it to. Second half of 2015 until now was easily the most rewarding year of my life. Man, I learnt a hell lot in this period. From the huge project assigned to me as an RA to using the experience gained to secure my current job and not to forget, the enormous amount of skills and knowledge I gained while doing my thesis. Gotta feel real thankful for everything. Shall continue to strive hard in the future. Till I move onto the next stage of my life...

Postgraduate studies, maybe? Maybe not...

Am I happy that I finally finished my four years of university education? My answer half a year ago would be entirely different from my answer now. Six months ago, I had just completed my thesis. I gotta say that at that point in time, I was seriously toying with the idea of doing a postgraduate degree. I thought I wasn't qualified at all to even think about it but strong recommendation from my thesis supervisor swayed me. And he wasn't the only one. There were a few other TAs or lecturers who also agreed that I shouldn't stop at just an undergraduate degree. Even so, I did not think that I would be able to last through another four years or so. I was only good at certain aspects of Economics. And this time, I knew who I would be up against if I do decide to take up a Master's or PhD. The much more mathematical content at graduate level would favour those who already had a background in engineering, mathematics or even statistics. Yet at the same time, I can't deny that I really love studying. I love it a lot more than the situation I envisioned myself to be in if I were to take up a job outside of academics. Not surprisingly, I began asking around for advice, seeing how I could get a sponsor if I were to further my studies, whether I should work for a few years first or carry on studying straight etc. This continued on for quite some time... Not until two people each told me something. What they said made me think hard, really hard. Only then did I realize that this was just a fleeting idealistic side of me.

"Perhaps now you've been studying a lot so you may think that Master's is for you. Have you thought that there are many things you may enjoy but it's just that you haven't really gotten to know what those things are? Who knows, you might eventually find something that you love doing." 

This sentence sort of struck me. Actually, I think it's the same case with all my friends. Most of them prefer school life over work life. Hey, I mean is there anything better than being able to exercise your freedom to the maximum and choose the way you wanna lead your university education? In contrast, at work, you gotta be used to doing things you may not actually like and following instructions you may not agree with. In school, you get to learn the things you wanna learn, things you find interesting to learn. At work, you are forced to learn the things you need to learn, things you may not find one bit interesting to learn, things you may even hate. That's probably the mindset of many people I know. Precisely why people always say enjoy life as a student while you can. Yes, indeed, in my previous internship, there was one colleague who told me this as well. As a working adult, there are many things in life you cannot retrieve back when you were a student. Working life is a lot more restrictive than student life. I agreed. I agreed thoroughly. But one and a half year later, I realized why I agreed at that point in time and not anymore now.  

"Can you imagine yourself in the kind of life you would have upon completing your PhD? You'll eventually be a Professor. But not just that, you will have to start initiating research topics on your own, find yourself the funding plus collaborators be it local or overseas and attend conferences from time to time. And be prepared it's gonna last for a long long time."

I think I was so carried away with the "goodness" of studying that I totally forgot to think about how life would be when I finish my studies. If you ask me, I don't actually enjoy having to initiate my own research topics, having to attend presentations after presentations, having to find interested parties who would be willing to collaborate with me on my project. Some people may say yeap, then I am definitely not suitable for research cos I can't even initiate research topics on my own. Then my response is I can do it for a while but not for the rest of my life. There comes a point that I want to cease being recognized for the research that I publish. Instead, I want my research to be translated to something tangible. I want it to be guided because I know there's now a pressing need somewhere in the world to study something. From my experience working as a research assistant, I feel that there are many times in which Professors engage in mindless research or maybe this holds only for certain courses. Like yeah, the research they're producing is interesting to read, interesting to know but after a while it stops at being "fun facts". Half the time or most of the time, the stuff they do is not gonna translate to action. I don't like to be in that position. I want the things I do to be useful. 

Why do I no longer agree with the comment that working life is not as enjoyable as life as a student? It's because I am lucky enough to land myself a job that I really like. I know I really like it because I have been through it for almost four months now. In my previous internship, I didn't get to do what I like. In fact, I hated what I was doing. I recall how time was literally crawling during that period. Coupled with previous designations, it inevitably made me stereotype that working life is indeed gonna be like that. At that time, I had the choice to accept this as my first job. I am really glad that I wasn't rash. It sucks to be forced into doing something you hate just because of securing a job. My point is this. Most of us are stuck in our little world. Probably it may also be because my course is actually pretty general a degree. It's unlike say engineering. Those who know they're gonna be engineers after graduation only gotta choose the industry they wanna enter. For us, it's a bit tricky because there's really quite a lot of general jobs we can do. Yet it is not easy to find a specific technical job. Of course, as pragmatic a person as I am, I don't deny that many things in life do come with a bit of luck. It was luck that I got accepted as an intern amidst the competition. It was luck that there just happens to be one job vacancy that I can fill in. So never be too short-sighted and stubbornly deem one thing as the only possible thing you can imagine yourself doing for the rest of your life. If you don't venture out enough, you never know if there are other things out there you may enjoy a hell lot more.

Feeling thankful

So I got the official confirmation last evening. As much as it was 99% certain I would get it, there was still the remaining 1% of uncertainty. I'm feeling real grateful that everything has naturally fallen into place for me and I'm able to do something I really like and accumulate experience from what I believe is gonna be the area of interest for me for the rest of my life. And now, I can really say that I am prepared to move onto the next stage of my life.

IT'S OVER

Yeap so I just completed my last paper of the semester, and probably of my life. Here's to rounding up four years of my education at NUS. I gotta say that these four years have been the most rewarding years of my education. By the way, though I created this blog with academics in mind, I believe I'm still gonna be updating it from time to time in the near future. As for now, I'm not really in the writing mood so I shall pen down my thoughts sometime later. Till next time, folks. And yes, I'm ready to move onto the next stage of my life!

Random post ~

I've already lost count of the number of people who have asked me how I am even able to proceed with the unprecedented decision this semester. It's my last semester and I decided to try something adventurous. While I am still waiting for the possible opportunity, my hopes are diminishing by the day. I guess I am contented with whatever's in my life right now. At present, I'm really enjoying what's in for me so I'll just savour the moment. And of course, not to forget the people who've always been there for me, bearing with me and bringing me through the hellish times.

AY2015-2016 Semester 1 Module Review

I am very grateful that I got over 30 MCs with results that isn't too far from my expectations. Actually, 30 MCs wasn't as bad as I thought especially after I submitted my thesis. Since I only have 15 MCs to do a review for, I shall try to be even more detailed this time round.

EC4103 Singapore Economy: Practice and Policy

I have much grievances over this module. It is nothing but a burden. Ask me to name anything I learnt from it and I won't even be able to think of a single thing. Probably how to follow instructions and carry out the commands in Stata? Right, so this module was introduced this semester as many employers have given feedback that NUS EC graduates can only regurgitate theory but aren't so well-versed when it comes to knowledge of the Singapore economy. Although this may be true to a certain extent, this module is definitely not gonna help much in that aspect. I honestly think the way the module is taught needs to undergo some serious revisions.

How does this module work? There are 5 lecturers and each of them assesses 20% of the course. Depending on the lecturer, there could be 2 or 3 reports to hand up over that 2 or 3 weeks. If not, presentations had to be made. Occasionally, presentation slides had to be submitted as well. This cycle continued and I think there were about 8 written assignments in total over the entire semester. Every assignment had to be presented and so on top of the additional presentations, there were a total of about 10 presentations. Initially, the module started out slow and steady with the report having a page limit of two sides. Then it became worse with each lecturer, with the last lecturer allowing a page limit of 5 to 7 pages. There were 5 themes in total. Aamir Hashmi took the first one and it was, in summary, on the macroeconomics of Singapore i.e. the characteristics of its economy etc. Danny Quah was next and took the part on growth if I didn't remember wrongly. Then came Ivan Png who taught Singapore productivity. Up next was Jessica Pan who taught income inequality. Last was Chia Ngee Choon who took the aspect of Singapore budget policies. Or was it taxation? I can't really remember but it was something along those lines. 

The bottomline is this: lectures are pretty much useless if you're talking about scoring for this module. Actually, even for the purposes of learning, the lectures still remain useless. The thing is the assignments had absolutely nothing to do with what was taught in lectures. The only thing that you need to know is how to surf the net and look for relevant information. So it wasn't surprising that the turnout for the lectures was just getting more and more pathetic by the week. I did not attend lectures at all but still managed to get away with a decent grade. The assignments by the first two lecturers started off as generic essay-based questions so you could say that it's pretty much a test of general knowledge. Then they became Stata-based with the next two lecturers. And the last lecturer's was simply basic calculations using Excel. Needless to say, the assignments of these three lecturers required students to obtain the correct results as well as to analyze the results. For Ivan Png's, all we had to do was simply to follow the step-by-step instructions in the assignment using Stata and then analyze the regression results. Jessica Pan's part was a lot harder in comparison as hers was not so straightforward so a lot of people had difficulties. But the tutor (Kelvin Seah) was always ready to help and you can actually check with him if the graphs and results you got were correct. And this was important as correctness is a major determinant of your score for Jessica Pan's segment as is the case for Ivan Png's as well as Chia Ngee Choon's parts though the other two lecturers weren't so flexible with the validation of answers.

This module consumed a lot of my time every week but really, I got nothing out of it. It came to a point that the workload was so heavy that I found the completion of assignments and preparation for presentations becoming increasingly burdensome. Among all the 5 themes, I picked up pretty much zero stuff. Before I took this module, I know so much about Singapore. After completing this module, I still know as much about Singapore. That's how helpful the module had been. By the way, this module is fully groupwork. After being assigned a tutorial group, you will be assigned to your groups. You don't get to choose your group members. So if you and your friends are in the same tutorial group but do not have different starting letters for your names, then you don't have to think of being in the same project group. Cos how they assigned the groups was a no-brainer. They simply went by alphabetical order and grouped say, ABCD together in one group, EFCG in another and so on. Anyway, this is pretty crucial. Your grade is highly determined by peer review as much as I thought it didn't play a big role. After submission of each report, your group members are supposed to rate you and not to worry, it's confidential. I gave high ratings for my group members but it ended up that two (out of three) of them got a grade lower than me.

Result: A-

I was surprised by this grade as it exceeded my prediction of a B+ or worse. I am really thankful to my group members for giving me good reviews (as they said). Of course, that comes with a price as I was doing a lot of the work. Then again, I thought we allocated the work quite well as everyone was doing what they're good at. This is not to say that I think A- was deserving of the work we had put in. Seriously, considering how much effort this module requires, I think I should have gotten an A in return. But this module is the sort that you put in 10 times more effort than what you get in return. Hopefully there will be some changes to this module for the next batch as I don't think the majority would like to experience what the Year 4s had just gone through.

EC4301 Microeconomic Analysis III

This is supposed to be a level 4000 module. It is also supposed to be a core module initially. Something wrong must have happened midway which caused it to become so unworthy of a level 4000 module in terms of both workload and content. Anyone who has gone through both EC4101 and EC4102 will definitely tell you that EC4101 is nothing compared to EC4102. And true enough, EC4301 is pretty much peanuts compared to EC4302. This module was taken by Chen Yi Chun this semester. And it's not that he can't teach difficult stuff but that he wants to tone down the difficulty due to past bad experiences. He's a pretty good lecturer and I think his lessons are surprisingly not mundane even though the content may be. The module started off hard as we were taught all the abstract stuff in consumer theory. Actually, abstract may be too strong a word for some. It won't actually be if you have been exposed to MA modules. Then when everyone thought they were done for for this module, the lecturer's announcement that midterms and finals weren't gonna test all these proofs came as a huge relief.

Topics
1.   Preference and Utility
2.   Utility-Maximizing Problem and Its Solution
3.   Utility-Maximizing Problem and Expenditure-Minimizing Problem
4.   Law of Demand, Exchange Economies, Pareto Efficiency
5.   Core and Competitive Equilibrium
6.   Welfare Theorems and Existence of Competitive Equilibrium
7.   Choice under Risk
8.   Externality
9.   Asymmetric Information
10. Modelling Strategic Behaviours I
11. Modelling Strategic Behaviours II
12. Incomplete Information and Efficient Mechanism

Weightage

Homework: 20%

Midterms: 30%

Finals: 50%

The homework was given out on a weekly basis and they were to be completed in groups of four or maximum, five. It wasn't graded based on correctness but rather, completeness. So I should expect that no one lost any marks from this component. There was also only one tutorial presentation per group. So the workload for this module was real light.

Midterms was tested up to Topic 5. Topic 6 was covered but not tested and its lecture was conducted during the recess week. Although this topic wasn't compulsory, it turned out to be useful for midterms. If you had attended the lecture or studied the notes on your own, it would help in scoring for your midterms. So take it with a pinch of salt when the lecturer says it's not tested. I disliked the topics after midterms especially Topics 8 and 9. They were way too simplistic for a level 4000 module and it wasn't value-adding in any way especially Asymmetric Information. Up till now, I still haven't been exposed to proper modelling of asymmetric information. All I understand are the implications of asymmetric information. Topics 10 and 11 are on game theory. Topic 12 was centered around mechanism design but its basis came from game theory. Mechanism design was a real interesting topic but too bad, it had to be so brief in this module. I scored 95 for my midterms. Average was 85? I can't recall exactly. The highest was 98 out of 100. I scored 95 probably cos I was pretty good at the first half of this module. Edgeworth Box was covered for Topics 4 and 5 but of course it wasn't as lame as what was taught in EC3101. Then again, I attribute the 95 I got mainly to the lecturer. I actually made many mistakes but he was amazingly lenient with his marking. As long as you showed some understanding of the concepts, he will give you credit. So keep this in mind if you're taking the module under Chen Yi Chun: do not leave anything blank. Actually, midterms was rather insignificant as it was upon 100 and when you convert the marks to 30%, it becomes negligible. The lecturer said it himself that people who scored well for midterms usually didn't score well eventually whereas those who didn't score well for midterms are the ones who fared well eventually. As much as there may be some truth to that statement, I personally think that midterms are such that you should get at least slightly above average if you are looking to get an A- or above. Nonetheless, I don't dispute the fact that finals is the determining factor and my grade is an affirmation of that as well. By the way, both midterms and finals were open-book though it wouldn't have helped much.

It was claimed that finals is cumulative but trust him not. On the whole, finals was easy. I got screwed up thanks to the steep bell curve and mistakes I shouldn't have made at all. As the second part had three chapters on game theory, it was no surprise that there was one entire question dedicated to game theory in the finals. Even though having taken EC3312 may be a plus, it wasn't as much help as I thought. Basically, game theory in this module was a lot more simplistic than in EC3312. Anyway, as with EC2101 and EC3101, the questions in the finals are such that it carries an overly high weightage. For instance, I could be given 10 marks for just a three-liner solution so it was pretty hard to gauge what was required of me especially when certain questions were quite open-ended.

Result: A-

I don't know what to make of this grade. After midterms, I was aiming for an A. After finals, I was realistically expecting a B+. I guess knowing your concepts well is the key to scoring for this module.

EC4303 Econometrics III

First and foremost, this module isn't as difficult as most may imagine it to be. There was more breadth than depth. Honestly, I question the use of econometrics exams at times. Here's the thing. You don't actually have to know how to prove theorems. All you need to understand are the concepts and properties of the theorems as well as how to go about applying them. But unfortunately, and I don't blame the lecturer for this, econometrics exams usually involve quite senseless questions. Anyway, this module was taken by Tatsushi Oka and he takes the definition of politeness to the next level. The topics covered for this module were quite impromptu in the sense that the later topics were chosen only because some of us were doing on these topics for our term paper.

Topics
1.   Ordinary Least Squares Estimation
2.   Linear Probability Model / Maximum Likelihood Estimation
3.   Nonparametric Regression
4.   Quantile Regression
5.   ARMA model
6.   GARCH model
7.   LASSO
8.   Panel Data Models
9.   Program Evaluation I: DID Estimation
10. Program Evaluation II: IV Regression
11. Program Evaluation III: Regression Discontinuity
12. Classification and Regression Tree

Weightage

Problem Sets: 20%
Term Paper and Presentation: 20%
Book Presentation: 10%
Participation: 10%
Finals: 40%

There were 3 problem sets and all of them were easy. They were graded based on effort and correctness. Most people scored 100 or at worst, 99 so this component wasn't gonna make any distinction among the students.

The term paper was to be done in groups of 3. You get to choose your groups. Basically, you had to find an existing paper, replicate the results and extend the paper. There were 2 presentations for this component. The first one was a 5-minutes presentation and it only involved presenting about the existing paper as in the type of dataset etc., the results your group had replicated and lastly, an outline of the extensions. The second one was a 10-minutes presentation and you had to present on the extensions your group had come up with. The report was only limited to 3 pages excluding appendices and all so it was pretty slack. The draft was due sometime during the middle of the semester whereas the final one including probably the last one and a quarter page on extensions was due sometime in Week 12 or 13.

Book presentation. This is probably the one and only useless component of this module. First, we were assigned a textbook, Statistical Learning from a Regression Perspective by Richard Berk and this textbook is considered pretty advanced for undergraduates. All the equations inside weren't what you normally see in an econometrics textbook. Second, this textbook was taught with students making presentations in their groups so every week, there would be one presentation until all 8 presentations were done. The chapter that you present on was decided by drawing lots. So some got the earlier chapters which were easier while those who got the later ones might need to spend a bit of time understanding the earlier ones before they could do their presentation slides. The presentation was up to 25 minutes and all 3 group members would present a section. I think during this weekly presentation, everyone was just shutting off their ears and that included me. The thing is some presentations were so poor that you could tell they didn't really understand the content themselves which I perfectly understand why. I really question the use of this component as the presentations not only consumed time but also, the book chosen is a bit too advanced for self-studying as its content is very different from what you usually see in econometrics.

Don't worry about the component on participation. You can get it just by attending all the lessons.

I actually only realized finals is 40% as I typed the weightage. But finals is the determining factor to your grade for this module. Oka was very generous with the 60% CA component as he said that everyone would probably get full credit for it. Finals was open book and there were some questions that we could directly refer to assignment solutions or lecture notes to get the marks. Then again, I thought the differentiating factor came in in the last 2 questions which added up to a total of 16 marks. I probably screwed up more than half of that 16 marks but judging from my grade, I believe most people did as well.

Result: A
This grade came as a big surprise as I was expecting at most an A-. Even though this module was more of breadth and it was a lot less rigorous than I thought, I think it's pretty much a must-take if you're looking to go into specialized economics jobs. Anyway, knowing more econometrics models is always a good thing for someone studying economics. This is not to say that you should take it if you're afraid of screwing up your CAP. I think I just managed to scrape through an A as it was really competitive with the cohort size of 20.

Thoughts on level 4000 EC modules (Part 1)

Seeing that I'm a lot more free this week, I decided to do a post out of spontaneity. Before I go into the modules, I'd like to say that it's not really advisable to leave all the 8 level 4000 modules to your final year. Cos' in each semester, you'll be taking 4 level 4000 modules and they're mostly pretty heavy. Of course, depending on the modules, some might not be so heavy. But not to forget, EC4103 has been added as a new compulsory module and having gone through it, I think it would be good to clear at least 2 or better yet, 3 level-4000 modules in your penultimate year. Right, so for a start, let me talk about the level 4000 modules that I have already completed. For those that I am planning to take or others that I would have loved to take, I'll leave it to some other time. By the way, I'll skip EC4103 for now cos' it's a compulsory module and I don't care to talk too much about it but anyway, one word summarizes it: burden.

1. EC4301 Microeconomic Analysis III

And so I cleared this module last semester. Results aren't out yet so this will probably be more objective than the one I'm gonna have in my module review. Practical-wise, the bell curve is steep which yeah, is gonna screw me up. That aside, for people who don't really appreciate the theoretical side of EC, this module is not for you. You always hear friends or even random tutorial mates around you cursing how sucky it is to have to clear EC4101 and EC4102 when there's no use for it. And for them, the change of the module codes to EC4301 and EC4302 is definitely welcomed with open arms. Given that these are no longer compulsory modules, the cohort size especially for EC4302 has become real small. Personally, I am not a big fan of microeconomics. I hate to say this but I took the module just to fulfill the requirements of my specialization and not out of pure interest or whatsoever. But having taken the module, I have to say I really kinda like the part on consumer theory (that is the first part of the module) as well as the very last section on mechanism design. The only thing that I have issues with for the mechanism design part was that I wish the lecturer could have built up a lot more and skip some of the earlier chapters like the one which you calculate the utility of lottery and differentiate among risk-averse, risk-neutral and risk-loving consumers or the one on asymmetric information. Seriously, I dislike asymmetric information cos' they're just too simplistic at undergraduate level. It's realistic but simplistic. As ironic as that sounds, I mean the topic of asymmetric information is realistic because you really see it everywhere in reality. Yet the way it's taught is too simplistic. There's not even a model to begin with and all I learnt from this chapter is the implication of asymmetric information; the equilibrium is not Pareto-efficient. So the big question is, if the module wasn't part of the requirements for the specialization, would I have taken it? It's hard to say but it's the sort of module that I wouldn't have chosen right from the start but yet not regret after taking it regardless of my grade. 

2. EC4302 Macroeconomic Analysis III

I love this module. First, I love macroeconomics. Second, Prof Aamir just added on to my interest in this module. Third, I finally gained some insights into macroeconomic models. I remember as much as the difficulty of the midterms and finals was so "insane" that everyone thought they're gonna be screwed up by the really steep bell curve, I studied this module pretty religiously during my Y3S1. I always had questions out of the context of the textbook and lecture notes. That's how interested I was. But I have to say this is generally a module that you either love or hate. You're either completely immersed in it like I was (okay kinda exaggerated) or you're cursing every bit of it. Like the case for EC4301, if you can't appreciate theoretical EC, don't take this module. Halfway through or actually even before that, you will start questioning the usefulness of this highly theoretical module. And when that happens, chances are you're not gonna do so well for this module. More importantly, you're not gonna get anything out of this module.

3. EC4303 Econometrics III

I gotta say this module was a lot less than or probably different from what I had expected. In my imagination, it is hardcore theory: lots of matrix algebra, lots of derivations and lots of proving. But in the reality, it was zero matrix algebra, minimal vector algebra, almost no derivations and little proving. And doesn't help that it's likely to pull my CAP not upwards but downwards. All these aside, I do not regret taking this module. If given a choice, I would still have chosen this module despite it being entirely different from what I had expected. If you're gonna aspire to be an economist or do anything along the application of EC, you know damn well that econometrics is a must to know and not just know, you gotta be good at it. I'm not good at econometrics. I just took it out of pure interest to learn more about the various techniques and of course, applying them to software. What's econometrics if you can't use the appropriate software to apply the theories. So it's unavoidable that in any econometrics module be it EC3303, EC3304 or EC4303, there will for sure be some sort of Stata or R involved. Once you find yourself skipping those exercises in EC3303 and EC3304 not because you think they're lame and that you most definitely can handle such statistical software but because you can't be bothered, then by the same token, don't bother to take EC4303 as well. There are people in this class whom you can tell they're there just for the sake of the specialization and others who are truly passionate about learning econometrics. I gained quite a lot in terms of statistical methods plus the application side of them so no matter what grade I get eventually, I'm glad that I took this module.

4. EC4332 Money and Banking II / EC4331 Monetary Economics and Policy

And EC4331 just got removed again this coming semester. Such a shame. Honestly, I didn't really love this module when I was taking it. Maybe it was because EC4302 kinda diluted a bit of my interest. But I gotta say you can only truly appreciate the module once you start applying the stuff learnt. When you're going through it, you just find yourself doing algebra mindlessly and it is so theoretical that you wish you can drop the module without a blemish on your transcript. Like EC4302, there was no application side to it during my time. You can't blame Prof Martin for it cos' there's only so much he can go through in one semester. So if you aren't interested in how monetary policy is practised in reality, do not attempt this module. You will probably be bored to death or before you get bored to death, you might be worked to death. This is not a light module because of the homework. But in terms of studying, it gets lighter as the semester progresses on. Assuming the syllabus doesn't undergo drastic changes for EC4331, the heavy workload usually comes in during the first 5 weeks of the semester. One reason is because people taking it might not have adapted to the kinda learning techniques it requires. But the more tangible reason is that the first 5 weeks suck the time out of your weekend if you decide to commit yourself faithfully to completing the weekly homework. And you should complete the homework to the best you can every week. If you put in your utmost effort to do so, your grade will be more or less guaranteed. So should you or should you not take EC4331? Let's say the module finally returns in the next academic year, if you find an interest in monetary policy-making, then this module is definitely for you. Or actually if you like economic modelling in general, just take it. Personally, I took the module because I saw that it is pretty challenging and it's quite different from other level 4000 electives in the sense that it's a lot more quantitative. I didn't really know what I was in for when I took it but now that EC4331 is named as such, it's pretty obvious it's gonna be on monetary economics.

And that's all the level 4000 modules I've taken so far. Stay tuned for Part 2~